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Schiedea diffusa

A.Gray (1854)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-CoreEudicot Order: Caryophyllales Family: Caryophyllaceae Genus: Schiedea

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Reclining or weakly climbing vines.

Stems: Stems often swollen at the nodes, terete (cylindrical), 4–angled or –ridged, primary stems 30–60 (–100) dm long, glabrous or nearly so below, antrorsely puberulent in the inflorescence, the hairs usually reddish purple, 0.1–0.4 mm long.

Roots: Fibrous root system.

Leaves: Leaves simple. Opposite. Blades lanceolate to ovate or oblong–elliptic, 4–12 cm long, 1.5–4 cm wide. Apex acute to attenuate. Base leaf bases often connate around the stem, base acute to broadly obtuse. Blades coriaceous, green to yellowish green, with only the midvein evident. Margins slightly thickened, with a few scattered minute excrescences, each usually with a retrorsely hooked hair 0.01–0.15 mm long. Midvein ± slightly excentric, usually a weakly looping vein near the margins. Petioles 0.2–0. 7 cm long. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in inflorescence terminal, with 20–92 flowers, 10–50 cm long, pendent, diffuse, the internodes and pedicels often purple or purple–tinged; bracts green, sometimes purple–tinged, subulate, the lowermost of the central axis sometimes ovate to elliptic, 5–15 mm long, those of branches and flowers 3–8 mm long; pedicels 8–24 mm long at anthesis, elongating to 20–40 (–50) mm long in fruit, conspicuously asymmetrically flattened. Flowers bisexual (perfect). Sepals 4.2–7 mm long, ovate, green purple toward base and apex, thick and opaque, strongly reflexed and convex in proximal ¼, producing transverse bulge, the distal part shallowly concave to shallowly navicular, oriented at ca. 30° to 60° angle or ca. 150° angle to the pedicel, abaxial side slightly keeled, glabrate to sparsely puberulent with reddish purple hairs 0.1–0.25 mm long, especially toward the base, margins weakly scarious, ciliate, apex abruptly attenuate. Corolla (petals) absent. Stamens 10; filaments dimorphic, the antisepalous whorl 6.4–9 mm long, the alternate whorl 5–7 .5 mm long; anthers subequal, those of the antisepalous whorl 1.15–1.25 mm long, of the alternate whorl 1 mm long, yellow. Ovary superior, 1-celled; ovule placentation free-central; styles 3–6.

Fruit: Capsules 4.5–7 mm long; very broadly ovoid or ovoid–globose. Seeds numerous; 1–1.2 mm long; suborbicular; asymmetrical; compressed; the surface smooth; under high magnification with minute depressions; persistent on the placenta; and retained in the undehisced capsule; perisperm starchy; hard or rarely soft; true endosperm absent.

Ploidy:

Habitat: Wet forests.

Elevation Range: 915–2,050 m.

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Molokai Endemic
Maui Endemic
Hawai'i Extirpated

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Specimens

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Notes

  • Description digitized by Mercedez
  • Description digitized from the Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawaii
  • It was recently reported from Hawai'i Volcanoes National Park in the 'Ola'a Tract (Kotahira & Toylor s.n., BISH). A single collection, Wawro 1825 (W), the type of S. diffusavar. angustdolio, was reported to be from Wailuku Valley, Kaua'i. We know of no localities named Wailuku on Kaua'i.
  • Scattered in wet forest,915-1,160 m, Kawela to Waikolu valleys, eastern Moloka'i, 915-2,050 m, East Maui, and Kohala Mountains, Hawai'i
  • Schiedea diffusa has not been collected on the island of Hawai'i since l9ll.

Bibliography

Name Published In: U.S. Expl. Exped., Phan. 1: 138 (1854)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Scientific Name Authorship Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Schiedea diffusa A.Gray PRESERVED_SPECIMEN s. p. perlman 14780 iii Hawaii US 5/9/1995
2 Schiedea diffusa A.Gray East Maui, lower shelf of Kipahulu Valley. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wagner, W.L. 6797 Maui BISH 2/9/1998
3 Schiedea diffusa A.Gray Ola`a Tract, Ag Unit, Transect 7,810 meter mark, 140 degrees 20 meters from fence. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wagner, W.L. 6796 Hawaii BISH 2/9/1998
4 Schiedea diffusa A.Gray East Maui, end of Waikamoi flume. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Weller, S.G. 848 Maui BISH 6/6/1905
5 Schiedea diffusa A.Gray Slopes above Makapu`u Beach. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Weller, S.G. 844 Oahu BISH 6/6/1905
6 Schiedea diffusa A.Gray Kipahulu valley, National Park lands between Kaupo Gap and Kipahulu valley, Kekuewa Camp. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 6670 Maui PTBG 9/3/1997
7 Schiedea diffusa A.Gray on tree trunks PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wilkes expedition MSC
8 Schiedea diffusa A.Gray "sandwich islands" PRESERVED_SPECIMEN capt. wilkes s.n. NY
9 Schiedea diffusa A.Gray E. Maui, end of Waikamoi flume. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Stephen G. Weller 848 Maui PTBG 1/1/1984
10 Schiedea diffusa A.Gray E. Maui,, Koolau FR, eastern headwaters of Waiokamilo Stream. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hank Oppenheimer H100721 Maui PTBG 10/23/2007
11 Schiedea diffusa A.Gray Haikuk-Uka Trail, Haleakala PRESERVED_SPECIMEN F. R. Fosberg 9854 Maui PTBG 8/18/1933
12 Schiedea diffusa A.Gray Kohala mts., slopes of Eke, near transect 6, between transect 6 & 7. In Metrosideros- Cheirodendron- Cibotium wet forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Steve Perlman 17808 Hawaii PTBG 12/17/2001
13 Schiedea diffusa A.Gray E. Maui, east fork of West Wailua Iki. On west edge of stream. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hank Oppenheimer H110744 Maui PTBG 11/28/2007
14 Schiedea diffusa A.Gray E. Maui, Koolau FR, east fork of West Wailua Iki region. Observed along trail dropping into east fork of West Wailua Iki. Metrosideros-Dicranopteris-Diplopterygium wet forest dissected by riparian vegetation. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 12646 Maui PTBG 11/29/2007
15 Schiedea diffusa A.Gray Puu o Kakae, on north side of Puu i small gulch on stream bank. In Acacia koa - Metrosideos - Dicranopteris linearis wet forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Steve Perlman 16068 Maui PTBG 9/1/2019
16 Schiedea diffusa A.Gray Piinaau Stream region, Haiku Uka, Koolau Forest Reserve. Fern dominated montane wet riparian vegetation dominated by pteridophytes. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 10611 Maui PTBG 3/16/2004
17 Schiedea diffusa A.Gray East Maui, Honomanu Gulch, on spur trail from west rim into stream. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hank Oppenheimer H121305 Maui PTBG 12/4/2013
18 Schiedea diffusa A.Gray Olaa Tract, Ag Unit, Transect 7, ,810 meter mark, 140 degrees 20 meters from fence. In Metroseideros-Cibotium spp. Montane wet forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Steve Perlman 14780 Hawaii PTBG 5/9/1995
19 Schiedea diffusa A.Gray PRESERVED_SPECIMEN s. p. perlman 14780 v Hawaii US 5/9/1995
20 Schiedea diffusa A.Gray PRESERVED_SPECIMEN s. p. perlman 14780 ix Hawaii US 5/9/1995
21 Schiedea diffusa A.Gray PRESERVED_SPECIMEN s. p. perlman 14780 ii Oahu US 5/9/1995
22 Schiedea diffusa A.Gray east maui, hamakua district, koolau fr, east fork of west wailua iki region PRESERVED_SPECIMEN k. r. wood & h. oppenheimer 12646 Maui US 11/29/2007
23 Schiedea diffusa A.Gray PRESERVED_SPECIMEN s. p. perlman 14780 x Hawaii US 5/9/1995
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